1. Chart data
  2. Total AI chip memory bandwidth has grown 4.1x per year, now
Epoch AIStacked bar chart · 80 points · Epoch AI

Total AI chip memory bandwidth has grown 4.1x per year, now reaching 70 million AI terabytes per second

The numbers behind a chart Epoch AI published, redrawn natively. Check the original, study the data, then make your own.

Estimated from the image 52%All chart data
Chart by Epoch AI. Source: x.com

Simplified redraw

Drawn by us from the numbers below. Hover, tap or use the arrow keys.

A simplified redraw: it shows the numbers in our own look, not the look of the original. One accent marks what the chart is about. Values marked with ~ in the table are estimates.

The numbers

First 10 of 80 points are free
GroupSeriesValue (millions of TB/s)SourceConf.
2022 Q1Nvidia~0.5Estimate0.30
2022 Q1AMD~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q1Google~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q1Amazon~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q1Huawei~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q2Nvidia~1Estimate0.30
2022 Q2AMD~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q2Google~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q2Amazon~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q2Huawei~0Estimate0.80

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2022 Q3Nvidia~1.5Estimate0.30
2022 Q3AMD~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q3Google~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q3Amazon~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q3Huawei~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q4Nvidia~2Estimate0.30
2022 Q4AMD~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q4Google~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q4Amazon~0Estimate0.80
2022 Q4Huawei~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q1Nvidia~2.5Estimate0.30
2023 Q1AMD~0.5Estimate0.30
2023 Q1Google~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q1Amazon~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q1Huawei~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q2Nvidia~3.5Estimate0.30
2023 Q2AMD~0.5Estimate0.30
2023 Q2Google~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q2Amazon~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q2Huawei~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q3Nvidia~5Estimate0.30
2023 Q3AMD~1Estimate0.30
2023 Q3Google~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q3Amazon~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q3Huawei~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q4Nvidia~7Estimate0.30
2023 Q4AMD~1.5Estimate0.30
2023 Q4Google~0.5Estimate0.30
2023 Q4Amazon~0Estimate0.80
2023 Q4Huawei~0Estimate0.80
2024 Q1Nvidia~10Estimate0.30
2024 Q1AMD~2Estimate0.30
2024 Q1Google~1Estimate0.30
2024 Q1Amazon~0.5Estimate0.30
2024 Q1Huawei~0.5Estimate0.30
2024 Q2Nvidia~15Estimate0.30
2024 Q2AMD~3Estimate0.30
2024 Q2Google~1.25Estimate0.65
2024 Q2Amazon~1Estimate0.30
2024 Q2Huawei~1Estimate0.30
2024 Q3Nvidia~20Estimate0.30
2024 Q3AMD~4Estimate0.30
2024 Q3Google~2Estimate0.80
2024 Q3Amazon~1.25Estimate0.65
2024 Q3Huawei~1.5Estimate0.30
2024 Q4Nvidia~28Estimate0.30
2024 Q4AMD~5Estimate0.30
2024 Q4Google~3Estimate0.80
2024 Q4Amazon~2Estimate0.80
2024 Q4Huawei~2Estimate0.30
2025 Q1Nvidia~39.5Estimate0.65
2025 Q1AMD~6.5Estimate0.65
2025 Q1Google~4.5Estimate0.65
2025 Q1Amazon~3.5Estimate0.65
2025 Q1Huawei~2.5Estimate0.65
2025 Q2Nvidia~49Estimate0.30
2025 Q2AMD~9Estimate0.30
2025 Q2Google~5Estimate0.30
2025 Q2Amazon~4Estimate0.30
2025 Q2Huawei~4Estimate0.30
2025 Q3Nvidia~60Estimate0.30
2025 Q3AMD~11Estimate0.30
2025 Q3Google~6Estimate0.30
2025 Q3Amazon~5Estimate0.30
2025 Q3Huawei~5Estimate0.30
2025 Q4Nvidia~70Estimate0.30
2025 Q4AMD~13Estimate0.30
2025 Q4Google~7Estimate0.30
2025 Q4Amazon~6Estimate0.30
2025 Q4Huawei~6Estimate0.30
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On the Max plan you can pull this chart's numbers with the provenance of each one, as JSON or CSV, with its redraw spec, or call it from an agent over MCP. Chart id ec489d0f8bce.

See the Max planAPI docs
PathReturnsPlan
GET/api/v1/charts/ec489d0f8bceTitle, publisher, date, form, point count; with a Max key, the data linkOpen
GET/api/v1/charts/ec489d0f8bce/dataEvery point with its provenance and confidence, plus the redraw spec. Add ?format=csv for CSVMax
GET/api/v1/charts/ec489d0f8bce/render?view=1The draw-only view this page usesOpen
POST/mcpTool get_chart_data with this id, for Claude, Cursor and other agentsMax
curlMax
curl -s https://viral-chart.com/api/v1/charts/ec489d0f8bce/data \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $VIRALCHART_KEY"
Claude CodeMax
claude mcp add --transport http viralchart https://viral-chart.com/mcp \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer $VIRALCHART_KEY"

60 requests a minute per key; over that you get 429 with Retry-After. Up to 5 keys per account, made on your account page and shown once. Without Max, the data route answers 402 with a link to the plans. The numbers describe a chart its publisher owns, and every file carries a license note.

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More data from Epoch AI

All chart data
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Questions people ask

How accurate are these numbers?

They are estimated from the image by two independent passes, with confidence 0.52 on a 0 to 1 scale. Printed numbers read well; values read off an axis can be a few percent off.

Can I reuse this data?

The numbers describe a chart that Epoch AI published. The image, layout and styling belong to them. Use the numbers with a credit to the publisher, and make your picture from your own data.

How do I get the file?

The JSON, CSV and agent skill file are under the email gate on this page. In this prototype they are static files at /api/charts/ec489d0f8bce.json and /api/charts/ec489d0f8bce.skill.md.